Ingrown Toenails

When a toenail is ingrown, it is curved and grows into the skin, usually at the nail borders (the sides of the nail). This “digging in” of the nail irritates the skin, often creating pain, redness, swelling, and warmth in the toe.

If an ingrown nail causes a break in the skin, bacteria may enter and cause an infection in the area, which is often marked by drainage and a foul odor. However, even if the toe isn’t painful, red, swollen, or warm, a nail that curves downward into the skin can progress to an infection.

• Heredity: In many people, the tendency for ingrown toenails is inherited.
• Trauma: Sometimes an ingrown toenail can result from trauma, such as stubbing your toe, having an object fall on your toe, or engaging in activities that involve repeated pressure on the toes, such as kicking or running.
• Improper trimming: The most common cause of ingrown toenails is cutting your nails too short. This encourages the skin next to the nail to fold over the nail.
• Improper footwear: Ingrown toenails can result from wearing socks and shoes that are tight or short.
• Other Nail Conditions: Ingrown toenails can be caused by other nail problems, such as fungal infections or the loss of a nail due to trauma.

An ingrown toenail may seem like a minor problem at first, but if left untreated, it can lead to infection, swelling, and significant discomfort with every step. Recognizing the early signs allows for faster, more comfortable treatment and helps prevent complications.

Some of the biggest signs of an ingrown toenail include:

• Redness and swelling around the edge of the toenail
• Tenderness or pain when pressure is applied to the toe
• A nail edge that curves and grows into the surrounding skin
• Warmth or fluid buildup near the affected area
• Difficulty wearing shoes or walking comfortably
• Signs of infection, such as drainage, thickened skin, or a foul odor

Diagnosis for an ingrown toenail typically begins with a physical examination of the affected toe to assess inflammation, nail curvature, and any signs of infection. When necessary, we may also use imaging or discuss your footwear habits, activity level, or medical history to identify any underlying factors contributing to the problem. This approach ensures we create a personalized treatment plan—focused on immediate relief and long-term prevention.

Don’t let an ingrown toenail slow you down or risk further infection. At the Foot & Ankle Center of Arizona, our board-certified podiatrists and fellowship-trained surgeons specialize in providing fast, effective relief—from conservative care to advanced, minimally invasive treatments. We take the time to understand your symptoms, address the source of the problem, and help prevent it from returning. If you’re experiencing discomfort, redness, or swelling around your toenail, schedule an appointment today and take the first step toward pain-free, confident movement.